So here's what ended up testing out on two different Apache 2.2 servers
OS X development server on powermac G5 (Apache installed through macports), localhost:8081 pointed at virtualhost:
Code:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteBase /
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} !google|yahoo|bing [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !google|yahoo|bing [NC]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^.*/mobile/
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !^/index.html$
RewriteRule ^([a-z]+)-(.+)\.html$ /#$1/$2 [NE,R=301,L]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^.*/#[a-z]+/[.*]$
RewriteRule ^([a-z]+)\.html$ /#$1 [NE,R=301,L]
Staging server on Ubuntu 14.04 ppc (powermac G4), hosted in an "seo2" subdirectory:
Code:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteBase /
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} !google|yahoo|bing [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !google|yahoo|bing [NC]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^.*/mobile/.*$
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^.*/index.html$
RewriteRule ([a-z]+)-(.+)\.html$ /seo2/#$1/$2 [NE,R,L]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} !google|yahoo|bing [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !google|yahoo|bing [NC]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^.*/mobile/.*$
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^.*/#[a-z]+/[.*]$
RewriteRule ([a-z]+)\.html$ /seo2/#$1 [NE,R,L]
Not found any good online htaccess documentation or tutorials (relied a lot on stackoverflow), so these evolved through a lot of trial and (mostly) error.
htaccess seemed pretty erratic and unreliable on the staging server with subdirectory, with frequent browser cache-clearing required or sometimes just waiting a few hours.